The ceremony took place at Duc Co Martyrs' Cemetery in Gia Lai Province, where local authorities and government officials paid tribute to the fallen soldiers.
The 18 sets of remains were recovered by the Gia Lai Provincial Military Command during search and repatriation missions in the north-eastern Cambodian provinces of Ratanakiri, Stung Treng and Preah Vihear.
The latest recovery brings the total number of Vietnamese soldiers' remains repatriated by the unit from Cambodia since 2001 to 1,531.
A provincial task force received the remains at Le Thanh International Border Gate in Ia Dom Commune, Gia Lai Province, before transporting them for the memorial service and burial ceremony.
Deputy Prime Minister Ho Quoc Dung, Deputy Minister of Home Affairs Cao Huy and members of a government delegation offered flowers and incense in remembrance of the fallen soldiers at Duc Co Martyrs' Cemetery.
Senior Lieutenant General Nguyen Van Gau, deputy minister of national defence, along with representatives of the Ministry of Home Affairs, also paid tribute during the ceremony.
In a solemn atmosphere, Nguyen Thi Thanh Lich, vice chairwoman of the Gia Lai People's Committee, recalled the period when tens of thousands of Vietnamese volunteer troops and experts were deployed to fulfil international duties and stand alongside the Cambodian people in overcoming the devastation of genocide.
She said many young Vietnamese men and women made the ultimate sacrifice on Cambodian soil, contributing to a legacy of international solidarity and the special friendship between Vietnam and Cambodia.
Their sacrifices, she added, remain an enduring symbol of courage, selflessness and cooperation between the two neighbouring nations.